N-methylmorpholine
Properties
Colorless transparent liquid. With special odor.
Melting point -65℃.
Boiling point 114℃.
Relative density o.919.
Viscosity 0.90mPa.s(20℃).
Vapor pressure (20 ℃) 2.213kPa.
Soluble in organic solvents, miscible with water and ethanol.
Preparation method
1. Add formaldehyde slowly in morpholine, then add formic acid dropwise, the reaction process, automatic reflux, and release C02.
2. Formic acid plus graduate, heating reflux 4 to 5 hours, then cooling, and add NaOH immediately distillation, collection of boiling point of 99 ℃ before all fractions.
3. Then add NaOH to the distillate until saturated, cooling, separated from the oil layer, drying, fractional distillation, collection of boiling point 114.5 ~ 117 ℃ fraction is a finished product.
Usage
This product is mainly used as solvent, catalyst, corrosion inhibitor;
It is also used in the synthesis of rubber vulcanization accelerator and other fine chemicals.
It is also used as foaming catalyst for polyurethane plastics and catalyst for synthesizing aminobenzylpenicillin and carboxybenzylpenicillin.
N-methyl morpholine oxide can be produced by oxidizing with hydrogen peroxide.
Recently, foreign countries to N-methyl morpholine oxide as a solvent, developed a “solvent method of man-made fibers new process”, will open up a broad prospect for the application of N-methyl morpholine.
Safety
If the drug is administered to animals by any means, it will cause short-term sexual excitement, and then turn into inhibition and atrophy. Inhalation of the vapors of this product, there is still an irritating effect on the mucous membranes, causing animals to spasm.
The tissue changes caused by poisoning with this product are dystrophic phenomena of the liver and kidneys.
Inhalation of mice for 2 hours, its LC50 a 25. 2mg / L. Rat gavage LD50 1.97mg / kg.
According to the change of the total and capacity of the central nervous system, the threshold concentration of its one-time action is 0.09～0.Img/L.
Threshold concentration of irritation to human is 0.2mg/L. The irritation to skin is 1/1.5 of morpholine. maximum permissible concentration in air is 5 mg/m3.
This product is toxic and has irritating effect on human skin and mucous membrane.
The production workshop should be well ventilated and the equipment should be airtight. Operators should wear protective gear.
Packed tightly closed in glass bottles or ceramic jars with wooden drums on the jacket. Store in a cool, dry, ventilated place.
Protect from sunlight and moisture, and keep away from fire and heat. Load and unload lightly during transportation to avoid package breakage. Store and transport according to the regulations for toxic chemicals.