Description
Sulbutiamine is a synthetic derivative of thiamine (Vitamin B1), created by bonding two thiamine molecules together (as a dimer of thiamine disulfide). This modification results in a highly lipophilic (fat-soluble) compound, which allows it to cross the blood-brain barrier more effectively than thiamine itself. Once in the brain, it is thought to increase levels of thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters. Sulbutiamine is primarily recognized for its potential nootropic effects, including reducing fatigue (asthenia), improving memory and concentration, and potentially enhancing mood. It was developed in Japan to combat thiamine deficiencies and is often used to support cognitive function and energy levels.
Properties
Property Value Chemical Name N,N’-[dithiobis(2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-methylvinylene)]bis(N-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)formamide) diisobutyrate (ester) Synonyms Arcalion, Enerion, Bisibuthiamine, Youvitan CAS Number 3286-46-2 Molecular Formula C32H46N8O6S2 Molecular Weight 702.89 g/mol Appearance White to slightly yellowish crystalline powder Solubility Practically insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and dichloromethane Form Synthetic, lipophilic derivative of Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Usage
Sulbutiamine is utilized for its unique properties and potential benefits in various contexts:
- Dietary Supplements & Nootropics: Widely used as a nootropic supplement to combat mental and physical fatigue, improve focus, memory, and overall cognitive performance. It is popular among students and professionals seeking an edge in mental tasks.
- Pharmaceutical Applications (Regional): In some countries, it is prescribed as a treatment for asthenia (chronic fatigue) and to help with symptoms of thiamine deficiency that do not respond well to thiamine supplementation alone.
- Research: Investigated for its effects on neurotransmitter systems (particularly dopaminergic and cholinergic pathways), neuroprotection, and its role in alleviating symptoms of certain neurological conditions.
- Sports Nutrition: Occasionally used by athletes to potentially reduce fatigue and improve endurance, although its efficacy for these purposes requires more robust research.
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